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Protocols

Network Version 15 (OhSnap) and SnapDeals

A technical dossier on the Filecoin Network Version 15 (OhSnap) upgrade, which introduced the SnapDeals protocol. This change allows storage providers to retroactively onboard client data into existing Committed Capacity (CC) sectors, fundamentally altering deal-making flexibility and sector utility.
introduction
THE SNAPDEALS UPGRADE

Introduction

Network Version 15 (OhSnap) activated the SnapDeals protocol, a transformative change that allows Filecoin storage providers to onboard client data into sectors that were previously committed with only random capacity (CC sectors).

Before the OhSnap upgrade, a Filecoin storage provider's decision to commit a sector as either Committed Capacity (CC) or with a storage deal was irreversible. A CC sector, which is filled with arbitrary data rather than a client's, could not be retrofitted to store a paying client's data. This created a rigid operational model where providers had to predict demand and pre-allocate a portion of their sealed capacity for deals, leading to capital inefficiency and a barrier to rapid deal-making. Network Version 15 fundamentally changed this by introducing SnapDeals, a protocol that allows an existing CC sector to be "snapped" and upgraded in-place with client data, without requiring a new sector to be sealed from scratch.

The core mechanism of SnapDeals involves a new ProveReplicaUpdates method that enables a storage provider to submit a proof that they have re-sealed a sector with new deal data. This process updates the sector's on-chain state from a CC sector to a deal sector, making it eligible for deal income and increasing the network's store of useful data. The upgrade also bundled other Filecoin Improvement Proposals (FIPs), including FIP-0019 (SnapDeals) and FIP-0028 (which added a new method for miners to prove they have the data for a deal), making this a consensus-breaking change that required all node operators, exchanges, and custody providers to upgrade their Lotus or Venus client software by a specific epoch to avoid falling out of sync with the network.

For storage provider DevOps teams, the operational impact is significant. SnapDeals introduces a new, more complex sealing pipeline that must be integrated into existing infrastructure. Providers must now manage the flow of ReplicaUpdate messages, monitor the associated gas costs, and ensure their hardware is configured to handle the new proof types efficiently. For exchanges and wallets, the upgrade altered the structure of on-chain messages and the state tree, requiring updates to transaction parsing, signature verification, and balance tracking logic. Chainscore Labs can assist provider and exchange engineering teams with an upgrade readiness review, validating that their operational logic for deal flow, gas estimation, and transaction construction is fully compatible with the SnapDeals protocol and the new actor interfaces introduced in Network Version 15.

NETWORK VERSION 15 (OHSNAP) AND SNAPDEALS

Upgrade Snapshot

Operational impact and readiness checklist for the upgrade that introduced the SnapDeals protocol, enabling data onboarding into existing Committed Capacity (CC) sectors.

AreaWhat changesWho is affectedAction

Sector Lifecycle

SnapDeals protocol allows onboarding data into a CC sector without resealing, converting it to a deal sector.

Storage Providers

Upgrade Lotus, Venus, or Forest client to a version supporting SnapDeals. Validate new sector update and activation workflows on Calibration testnet.

Proof System

Introduces new proof types for sector updates (ProveReplicaUpdate, ProveCommitSector2).

Storage Providers, Proof Hardware Operators

Verify GPU and software compatibility with new proof parameters. Benchmark proof generation times to ensure they fit within proving windows.

Market Actor

New market actor methods for publishing deals directly into an existing sector.

Deal-making Clients, Storage Providers

Update deal-pipeline logic to handle the new deal flow. Test end-to-end deal negotiation, data transfer, and on-chain activation.

Consensus & State

Non-breaking state migration to support new actor code and sector state types.

Node Operators, Exchanges, Block Explorers

Schedule maintenance window for the upgrade epoch. Verify node sync and state continuity post-activation. No transaction format changes expected, but validate.

Sector Economics

CC sectors can now be upgraded to FIL+ verified deals, increasing potential block rewards.

Storage Providers, Protocol Economists

Model the economic incentive to upgrade existing CC capacity versus onboarding new sectors. Assess impact on collateral and expected rewards.

FVM Compatibility

Pre-FVM upgrade. No user-programmable actors introduced. Changes are limited to built-in actor logic.

Smart Contract Developers

No immediate action required for FVM contracts. Note that this upgrade paves the way for future programmability by maturing the actor model.

Exchange & Custody

No breaking changes to transaction formats, address schemes, or message serialization.

Exchanges, Custodians, Wallets

Verify deposit and withdrawal functionality on Calibration testnet. Confirm gas estimation for new message types does not disrupt fee calculation.

technical-context
SECTOR CONVERSION PROTOCOL

Technical Mechanism: How SnapDeals Work

SnapDeals enable a storage provider to inject client data into a previously empty Committed Capacity (CC) sector without re-sealing, converting it into a deal-containing sector.

Before SnapDeals, a Filecoin storage provider who committed spare disk space to the network via a CC sector could not later fill that space with paying client data. To onboard a storage deal, the provider had to seal a brand new sector, a time-consuming and resource-intensive process. SnapDeals, introduced in the Network Version 15 (OhSnap) upgrade, changes this by allowing an in-place conversion of a CC sector to a deal sector. The core mechanism involves generating a new Merkle tree for the sector data that includes the client's deal data alongside the existing CC sector's random padding, and then computing a SnapDeals proof (ProveReplicaUpdate) that attests to the correctness of this transformation without a full re-sealing operation.

Operationally, the process updates the sector's on-chain state from a CommittedCapacity deal to a verified storage deal. The provider first submits the deal proposal on-chain, then generates an updated replica using the original sector's sealed data and the new deal data. A new SealedSectorCID and UnsealedSectorCID are computed. The ProveReplicaUpdate proof, which is significantly faster to compute than a full SealProof, is then submitted to the chain. Upon successful verification, the sector's expiration epoch and deal weight are updated, and the provider becomes eligible for the higher deal payment rate. This mechanism preserves the original sector's power and commitment duration, making it a capital-efficient way to monetize already-pledged storage.

The introduction of SnapDeals has a direct impact on deal-making workflows and network economics. It lowers the barrier for storage providers to accept deals by decoupling the sealing time from deal negotiation. However, it also introduces new operational complexity: providers must manage the ProveReplicaUpdate window and ensure their proof-generation pipeline is compatible with the new proof type. For exchanges and custody teams, the change is transparent at the transaction level, but builders of deal aggregation platforms and broker tools must update their logic to track sector state transitions correctly. Chainscore Labs can review a provider's deal-flow automation and proof-generation pipeline to ensure compatibility with the SnapDeals protocol and to identify any edge cases in sector lifecycle management.

OPERATIONAL IMPACT BY ROLE

Affected Stakeholders

Storage Providers

SnapDeals fundamentally changes the sector lifecycle by allowing data to be onboarded into existing Committed Capacity (CC) sectors. This requires providers to update their sealing pipeline to handle the new ProveReplicaUpdate and ProveCommitAggregate workflows.

Operational Checklist:

  • Upgrade Lotus, Venus, or Forest to a mandatory release supporting Network Version 15.
  • Reconfigure your deal-making logic to accept deals for sectors that are already sealed.
  • Monitor the SubmitReplicaUpdate message flow to ensure successful conversion of CC sectors to deal sectors.
  • Validate that your WindowPoSt process correctly handles sectors that have been updated mid-lifecycle.
  • Recalculate sealing throughput and pipeline capacity, as SnapDeals may alter the economics of maintaining CC sectors versus onboarding new ones.
implementation-impact
SNAPDEALS ACTIVATION

Operational and Integration Impact

The OhSnap upgrade fundamentally changes how storage providers can commit data, requiring updates to deal-making pipelines, monitoring, and economic models.

NETWORK VERSION 15 OPERATIONAL IMPACT

Risk and Compatibility Matrix

Evaluates the breaking changes, integration risks, and operational requirements introduced by the OhSnap upgrade and the SnapDeals protocol for storage providers, node operators, and ecosystem services.

AreaWhat changesWho is affectedAction

Consensus Protocol

Network version 15 activation introduces a breaking change at a specific epoch. Nodes not upgraded will fork off the canonical chain.

Storage Providers, Node Operators, Exchanges, Custodians

Upgrade to the mandatory Lotus, Venus, or Forest release before the activation epoch. Verify against the canonical release tag.

Sector Onboarding

SnapDeals allows onboarding data into existing Committed Capacity (CC) sectors without resealing. This changes the deal flow and sector lifecycle.

Storage Providers, Deal Clients, Data Onboarding Platforms

Review and test the new SnapDeals workflow on the Calibration testnet. Update deal-making logic to handle the new sector state transitions.

Proof System

SnapDeals introduces a new proof type for converting CC sectors. Existing WindowPoSt and WinningPoSt verification for standard sectors is unchanged.

Storage Providers, Proof Hardware Operators

Validate that your proof setup supports the new SnapDeals proof type. Benchmark the additional computational overhead for sector conversion.

Actor State

The built-in miner and market actors are updated to support the new SnapDeals methods and state fields. This is a consensus-critical state migration.

Block Explorers, Data Indexers, FVM Developers

Update actor interface parsing logic to handle new method numbers and return types. Re-index affected state changes after the upgrade epoch.

Transaction Format

New message types for SnapDeals operations (e.g., ProveReplicaUpdates) are introduced. Legacy message types remain valid.

Exchanges, Wallets, Custodians, Block Explorers

Ensure transaction parsing and signing libraries can handle the new message types. No action is required for basic FIL transfer logic.

Gas Model

New on-chain computations for SnapDeals proofs consume gas. The EIP-1559-style fee mechanism remains unchanged, but demand patterns may shift.

Storage Providers, DeFi Protocols, Gas Estimators

Monitor gas usage for the new ProveReplicaUpdates message. Update gas estimation models to account for potential spikes during sector conversion.

Deal-Making Flow

The market actor's logic for matching storage deals to sectors is extended. Off-chain deal negotiation protocols may need to signal SnapDeals support.

Deal Brokers, Storage Clients, Retrieval Market Operators

Update deal proposal logic to indicate compatibility with SnapDeals. Verify end-to-end deal flow, including data transfer and on-chain activation.

Economic Security

SnapDeals does not change pledge collateral or fault penalties for the sector. However, the ability to convert CC sectors alters the supply dynamics of committed storage.

Protocol Economists, Financial Modelers, Investors

Re-evaluate models for storage supply and deal pricing. Assess the impact of increased deal-making flexibility on network utilization and provider revenue.

NETWORK VERSION 15 (OHSNAP) AND SNAPDEALS

Pre- and Post-Upgrade Operator Checklist

A practical checklist for storage providers and node operators to prepare for and validate the Network Version 15 (OhSnap) upgrade, which introduced the SnapDeals protocol. This upgrade allows onboarding data into existing Committed Capacity (CC) sectors, a fundamental change to deal-making workflows. Operators must verify their software, sealing pipeline, and post-upgrade deal logic to avoid operational disruption.

What to check: Confirm you are running a Lotus, Venus, or Forest client version that explicitly supports the Network Version 15 (OhSnap) epoch. Do not assume the latest release is compatible; check the canonical release notes for the mandatory upgrade tag.

Why it matters: Running an incompatible client at the upgrade epoch will cause your node to fork away from the canonical chain, leading to missed block rewards, potential slashing for WindowPoSt failures, and an inability to participate in consensus.

Readiness signal: Your node's Filecoin.Version API response returns the correct APIVersion and the release notes confirm the bundled FIPs for SnapDeals. Validate this on the Calibration testnet first.

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SNAPDEALS AND OHSNAP UPGRADE FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions

Practical answers for storage providers, node operators, and integration engineers preparing for or operating after the Network Version 15 (OhSnap) upgrade and the SnapDeals protocol activation.

SnapDeals allows a storage provider to inject client data into a Committed Capacity (CC) sector without resealing the entire sector from scratch. Instead of sealing a new sector with data, the provider updates an existing empty sector's proof to reflect the new data commitment. This converts a CC sector into a deal sector mid-lifecycle.

Why it matters:

  • It unlocks deal income from capacity that was previously only earning block rewards.
  • It reduces the time-to-onboarding for new deals compared to full resealing.
  • It changes the provider's pipeline from a purely pre-commit model to one that includes in-place upgrades.

Operational signal: The provider's Lotus miner process will begin accepting ProveCommitSectors3 messages with a new SectorActivationManifest that specifies the deal pieces to be inserted into an existing CC sector.

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