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Protocols

Paris Protocol Upgrade

Technical impact page covering the activation of the Data Availability Layer (DAL) on Mainnet, the reduction in block time to 10 seconds, and the new Adaptive Issuance and Staking mechanism. Focuses on new consensus and economic parameters affecting bakers, stakers, and infrastructure providers.
introduction
PARIS PROTOCOL UPGRADE

Introduction

The Paris protocol upgrade activates the Data Availability Layer on Mainnet, reduces block time to 10 seconds, and introduces a new Adaptive Issuance and Staking mechanism, fundamentally altering Tezos consensus and economic models.

The Paris protocol upgrade represents a significant shift in Tezos's technical and economic architecture. It marks the Mainnet activation of the Data Availability Layer (DAL), a dedicated network for publishing rollup transaction data, which is critical for scaling Smart Rollups. Simultaneously, the upgrade reduces the minimal block time from 15 seconds to 10 seconds, directly improving chain responsiveness and user experience. These changes are coupled with the introduction of Adaptive Issuance and a redesigned staking mechanism, which replaces the previous static baking reward model with a dynamic system that adjusts inflation based on the proportion of staked tez.

For bakers and infrastructure providers, Paris is a mandatory, high-impact upgrade. The block time reduction demands a reassessment of hardware, bandwidth, and latency requirements to maintain reliable block production and attestation performance. The new staking mechanism introduces a distinct stake operation, decoupling staking rights from delegation and creating a new role for stakers who can contribute to a baker's security without running their own node. This fundamentally changes operational workflows, reward distribution logic, and the economic security model of the network.

Integration teams, exchanges, and wallet providers must implement support for new operations, RPC endpoints, and balance accounting models introduced by the staking system. The activation of the DAL requires rollup operators to migrate their data publication strategy. Chainscore Labs provides upgrade readiness reviews, infrastructure impact assessments, and integration verification to help teams navigate these complex, interdependent changes and ensure a smooth transition at protocol activation.

PARIS PROTOCOL UPGRADE

Quick Facts

A concise overview of the key technical changes, affected actors, and immediate operational actions required for the Paris protocol upgrade.

AreaWhat changesWho is affectedAction

Data Availability

Activation of the Data Availability Layer (DAL) on Mainnet.

Smart Rollup operators, bakers, infrastructure providers.

Verify DAL parameters and configure rollup nodes to publish and fetch data from the DAL.

Consensus

Block time reduced to 10 seconds.

Bakers, node operators, indexers, DApp developers.

Re-evaluate hardware requirements, latency budgets, and timing assumptions for operations and attestations.

Staking Economics

Introduction of Adaptive Issuance and a new Staking mechanism.

Bakers, stakers, exchanges, custodians, economic analysts.

Model new staking yield dynamics and update reward calculation systems. Review staking UI/UX for delegation changes.

Smart Rollups

New Michelson opcodes and kernel environment updates for rollup communication.

Rollup kernel developers, rollup operators.

Audit kernel code for compatibility with new opcodes. Plan a kernel upgrade and test the migration on a testnet.

Client Software

New Octez client version required for protocol compatibility.

All node operators, bakers, and infrastructure teams.

Upgrade to the mandatory Octez release before the protocol activation block. Verify new daemon configurations.

RPC & Indexing

New RPC endpoints for DAL and staking; changes to existing operation structures.

Indexer operators, data pipeline teams, wallet and exchange integration engineers.

Update indexer schemas and data pipelines to parse new operations and balance updates. Test RPC integrations against a testnet node.

Governance

Protocol activated via on-chain amendment process.

Governance delegates, protocol architects.

Verify the activation status against the canonical source. No further governance action is required for this upgrade.

technical-context
PARIS PROTOCOL ACTIVATION

Technical Mechanism and Changes

A technical breakdown of the Data Availability Layer, 10-second block times, and Adaptive Issuance introduced in the Paris protocol upgrade on Tezos.

The Paris protocol upgrade activates three deeply interconnected changes to the Tezos protocol: the Data Availability Layer (DAL) for scaling Smart Rollup throughput, a reduction in block time from 15 to 10 seconds, and a new Adaptive Issuance and Staking mechanism that fundamentally reworks the network's economic security model. The DAL introduces a dedicated data channel alongside the canonical block, allowing Smart Rollups to publish large volumes of transaction data off the critical path of consensus. This data is sharded across a dedicated committee of bakers who attest to its availability using a new dal_attestation operation, decoupling data publication from block space competition and enabling a significant increase in rollup transaction capacity.

The block time reduction to 10 seconds is achieved by tuning the Tenderbake consensus algorithm's parameters, specifically reducing the minimal block delay and adjusting the number of endorsing slots. This directly impacts baker infrastructure, requiring more responsive hardware and network connectivity to participate in consensus at the faster pace. The Adaptive Issuance mechanism replaces the static baking reward with a dynamic system that targets a specific staking ratio of the total tez supply. It introduces a new stake operation, allowing delegators to lock tez directly with a baker, sharing in baking and attestation rewards while being subject to a slashing risk for the baker's double-signing violations. This creates a more capital-efficient staking model but introduces new operational risks for bakers who must now manage slashing liabilities and for stakers who must evaluate baker security practices.

These changes are not isolated; the DAL's data attestation committee relies on the same baker set that is now governed by the new staking economics and operating under tighter consensus deadlines. Bakers must upgrade their Octez client to a Paris-compatible version, configure DAL node parameters including disk storage for shard data, and adjust their infrastructure to maintain attestation performance at 10-second intervals. Stakers must execute the new stake operation to participate in the Adaptive Issuance rewards and understand the unbonding period and slashing conditions. Integration teams for exchanges, wallets, and indexers must support new operation types (dal_attestation, stake, unstake, finalize_unstake), model the new reward calculation for accurate staking yield projections, and update their data pipelines to ingest DAL slot data for rollup state reconstruction.

The activation of Paris represents a shift in Tezos from a monolithic chain to a modular architecture where the Layer 1 is optimized for consensus and data availability, while execution is increasingly pushed to Smart Rollups. Chainscore Labs provides upgrade readiness reviews for bakers and infrastructure providers, assessing client configuration, monitoring for the new consensus cadence, and validating the security of staking operations. For rollup operators, we review kernel and node configurations for DAL integration, ensuring data availability sampling and inbox management are correctly implemented. Integration teams can engage Chainscore Labs for a comprehensive impact assessment covering new operation parsing, reward accounting, and slashing risk modeling.

PARIS PROTOCOL UPGRADE

Affected Actors and Systems

Bakers and Stakers

The Paris upgrade introduces Adaptive Issuance and a new staking mechanism, fundamentally changing the Tezos economic model. Bakers must upgrade their Octez client and configure their daemon to participate in the new consensus cycle with a reduced 10-second block time.

Critical Actions:

  • Staking Configuration: Bakers must understand the new in-protocol staking mechanism to manage their own stake and attract delegators. Misconfiguration can lead to missed rewards.
  • Hardware Review: The 10-second block time reduces the window for attestation propagation. Bakers should verify that their hardware and network latency can consistently meet the tighter timing requirements to avoid missing endorsements.
  • Economic Modeling: Adaptive Issuance dynamically adjusts rewards. Bakers need to update their yield projections and operational cost models to account for the new variable issuance rate, which responds to the total staked supply.
implementation-impact
PARIS UPGRADE READINESS

Implementation and Operational Impact

The Paris protocol upgrade introduces a new consensus cadence, a staking mechanism, and a Data Availability Layer. Operators must prepare for new daemon configurations, economic model shifts, and integration testing before activation.

05

Indexer and Data Pipeline Migration

The Paris upgrade introduces new operation types for staking and DAL attestations, and modifies the balance structure to separate staked funds. Indexer operators and data pipeline maintainers must update their schemas to parse these new operations and correctly attribute staking balances. Failure to do so will result in incomplete or incorrect ledger data for wallets, explorers, and analytics platforms. A full re-index is not required, but a schema migration is essential.

PARIS PROTOCOL UPGRADE

Risk and Compatibility Matrix

Operational risks, breaking changes, and compatibility concerns for bakers, stakers, and infrastructure providers activating the Paris protocol.

AreaWhat changesWho is affectedAction

Consensus and Block Time

Block time reduced from 15 to 10 seconds. This changes the frequency of baking and attestation rights, requiring more responsive hardware and network connectivity.

Bakers, Node Operators

Verify hardware meets the new performance profile. Monitor missed baking and attestation rates closely after activation.

Adaptive Issuance and Staking

Introduction of a new staking mechanism and adaptive issuance curve. Stakers must actively delegate to a baker to receive rewards, changing the passive reward model.

Stakers, Bakers, Wallet Providers, Exchanges

Update staking interfaces and user documentation. Bakers must configure staking parameters. Stakers must choose a baker to avoid losing rewards.

Data Availability Layer (DAL)

Activation of the DAL on Mainnet. Bakers can publish data commitments, altering their resource consumption and operational profile.

Bakers, Smart Rollup Operators

Assess bandwidth and storage requirements for publishing and distributing DAL data. Rollup operators should test integration with the new Mainnet DAL.

Client Software

A new Octez client version is required for Paris compatibility. Older clients will fail to validate the new protocol.

Node Operators, Bakers, Exchanges, Custodians

Upgrade to the required Octez release before the activation block. Verify the exact version against the canonical release page.

Smart Rollup Kernel

New host functions and potential breaking changes to the proof system or refutation game may be introduced.

Smart Rollup Operators, Kernel Developers

Audit kernel code for compatibility with new host functions. Rebuild and redeploy kernels on testnet before Mainnet activation.

RPC and Indexing

New RPC endpoints for staking and DAL data are introduced. Operation and balance structures may change, breaking indexer schemas.

Indexer Operators, Data Teams, Wallet Providers, DApp Developers

Update indexer schemas and data pipelines to parse new operations and fields. Test RPC queries against a Paris-enabled testnet node.

Governance and Economic Parameters

Adaptive Issuance introduces new on-chain parameters that can be modified through future governance. The initial values set the baseline for staking yield.

Governance Delegates, Economic Analysts, Staking Providers

Model staking yield scenarios under the initial parameters. Monitor governance proposals that could adjust issuance rates.

PARIS PROTOCOL UPGRADE PREPARATION

Baker and Staker Operational Readiness Checklist

A technical checklist for bakers, stakers, and infrastructure operators to validate readiness for the Paris protocol upgrade. Covers the activation of the Data Availability Layer (DAL), the reduction in block time to 10 seconds, and the new Adaptive Issuance and Staking mechanism. Each item identifies what to check, why it matters, and the signal that confirms operational readiness.

What to check: Confirm you are running an Octez client version that supports the Paris protocol and, if participating as a DAL attester, that the DAL node binary is correctly installed, configured, and connected to your baker.

Why it matters: The Paris upgrade activates the Data Availability Layer (DAL) on Mainnet. Bakers who wish to participate in attesting to DAL data availability must run the new DAL node software alongside their baker. Running an incompatible client will result in missed attestations or baking rights after activation.

Readiness signal: Your node successfully syncs on the post-Paris testnet (e.g., Ghostnet) and your baker is able to inject operations and publish attestations without errors. Verify the --dal-node endpoint is reachable if you are configured as an attester.

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PARIS UPGRADE READINESS

Frequently Asked Questions

Common operational and technical questions from bakers, stakers, and infrastructure providers preparing for the Paris protocol activation.

Bakers and node operators must upgrade to a Paris-compatible Octez release before the protocol activates on Mainnet. Running an older client will result in the node failing to endorse or bake blocks after activation, leading to missed rewards and potential slashing.

Readiness signal: The Octez release page and the Tezos GitLab will tag the specific version required. Teams should verify the release hash and binary signatures against the canonical source. Test the upgrade path on Ghostnet first to confirm that the new daemon starts, syncs, and participates in consensus without errors.

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